Integrated nutrient management to increase maize productivity under tropical conditions
Keywords:
integrated nutrient management, maize, organic fertilisation, agricultural productivity, tropical agriculture.Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important crops for food security and economic development in tropical regions; however, its productivity is constrained by soil degradation, declining fertility, and inefficient nutrient use. In this context, integrated nutrient management has emerged as a sustainable strategy that combines mineral fertilisers, organic amendments, and agronomic management practices to improve crop performance while preserving soil quality. The aim of this study was to analyse the available scientific evidence on integrated nutrient management to increase maize productivity under tropical conditions through a systematic literature review. The review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines for the identification, selection, appraisal, and synthesis of scientific evidence. Scientific articles, technical publications, and institutional reports addressing integrated fertilisation, plant nutrition, soil fertility, maize productivity, and agricultural sustainability were included. The findings indicate that combining organic and inorganic nutrient sources enhances the availability of essential nutrients, improves the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil, stimulates microbial activity, and increases maize yield compared with the exclusive use of mineral fertilisers. In addition, the incorporation of organic matter improves soil moisture retention, reduces nutrient losses, and contributes to the long-term sustainability of tropical agricultural systems. It is concluded that integrated nutrient management is an effective strategy to optimise maize productivity, restore soil fertility, and promote more resilient and environmentally sustainable production systems under tropical conditions.
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